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- NATION, Page 66COVER STORIESThe Stereotypes of Race
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- Both Anita Hill and Clarence Thomas must overcome realities and
- myths to get a fair hearing from society
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- By JACK E. WHITE
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- No matter what the confusing confrontation between
- Clarence Thomas and Anita Hill may have obscured, it left one
- thing clear: the U.S. is still haunted by powerful racial and
- sexual myths. After Hill's charges burst into print, Thomas and
- his supporters equated her claims with the lynchings of
- thousands of black men. "I will not provide the rope for my own
- lynching," Thomas declared at the start of the hearings; later
- he added that the broadcast of Hill's testimony was a "high-tech
- lynching" of an "uppity" black.
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- That was a curious choice of words from a man who has
- spent his public life distancing himself from racial
- stereotypes. But the image of Thomas symbolically dangling from
- a tree tapped into the pent-up rage all blacks feel at the
- violence and bigotry they have suffered for centuries: in this
- case, an appeal to racial resentments was the first resort of
- a black man accused of sexist crimes. To accept Hill's story,
- Thomas implied, was to join in a racist plot.
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- Thomas' words swayed many males, both black and white. The
- impact may have been caused in part by the fact that black
- women's complaints about sexist behavior are taken even less
- seriously than white women's. Held down by racism and the sexism
- of both black and white males, black females are one of
- society's most oppressed groups. Yet their attempts to call
- attention to their plight routinely provoke storms of angry
- denial of the legitimacy of their complaints. An example: the
- denunciations that were heaped on Alice Walker for her novel The
- Color Purple and the film that was based on it. Some critics
- falsely charged that Walker was a lesbian who hated black men
- because she created a heroine who was savagely mistreated by
- nearly every black male she encountered.
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- The tendency to dismiss black women's complaints as either
- exaggerations or outright fantasies has grown stronger since the
- Tawana Brawley fiasco. In that case, a 15-year-old black girl
- claimed that she had been abducted and raped by a mysterious
- gang of white men. It turned out that she had cooked up the
- story. Some feminists believe the doubts about black women's
- veracity stirred up by Brawley's lies may have led to acquittals
- in several rape cases in which the victim was a black woman.
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- The lowest point on the first day of the hearings came
- when Pennsylvania Republican Arlen Specter implied that Hill
- had simply fantasized Thomas' asking for dates and his lurid
- remarks about pornography. It is all but inconceivable that a
- similarly qualified man, black or white, would be accused not
- merely of lying but of imagining things. On Saturday the
- campaign to discredit Hill sank to even lower depths when Utah
- Republican Orrin Hatch suggested that she had fabricated her
- accusations, in cooperation with liberal interest groups, from
- such disparate sources as court cases and The Exorcist.
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- Being taken seriously was only one of the obstacles Hill
- had to confront in making her case against Thomas. She may have
- found it equally difficult to go against two other strains of
- racial solidarity. One is the widespread fear among blacks of
- "washing dirty laundry in public," for fear of embarrassing the
- race. The other is the strong possibility that her charges would
- end up derailing the confirmation of the only black George Bush
- would appoint to the Supreme Court.
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- On the other hand, race played a role in the rush to
- judgment against Thomas. Given the stereotype of sexually
- rapacious black men, it was easy for many Americans, black and
- white, to conclude that Thomas was guilty even before they heard
- Hill's testimony.
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- Either Thomas or Hill is lying about what happened behind
- closed office doors. So far, no one, not even Thomas, has
- suggested a reason for Hill to tell untruths about him. Nor,
- despite the innuendos from Specter and Hatch, is there evidence
- that she suffers from a mental illness that would lead her to
- fabricate her story.
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- Hill has paid an enormous price in unwanted notoriety. She
- testified that she had never intended to make a complaint
- against Thomas until she was contacted by Democratic Senate
- staffers, and she continued to agonize about how far she should
- go even after being interviewed by the FBI. Whoever is telling
- the truth, Anita Hill's story would not have set the stage for
- last week's appalling spectacle if the Judiciary Committee had
- initially treated her story as seriously as the Senators would
- have taken an equally explosive charge by a white male.
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